Mutual fund glossary

Simple explanations in English and Hindi, with examples.

SIP

Transactions

Systematic Investment Plan — investing a fixed amount every month on a set date.

हर महीने तय तारीख को एक निश्चित राशि का निवेश।

Example: ₹5,000 on the 5th of every month buys more units when NAV is low and fewer when it is high.

Lump Sum

Transactions

Investing the whole amount at one time.

पूरी राशि एक साथ निवेश करना।

Example: Putting ₹1,00,000 bonus money into a fund in one go.

NAV

Basics

Net Asset Value — the price of one unit of a fund, declared every business day.

फंड की एक यूनिट की कीमत, जो हर कार्य-दिवस घोषित होती है।

Example: If NAV is ₹50, ₹5,000 buys 100 units.

AUM

Basics

Assets Under Management — the total money a fund or AMC manages.

फंड या AMC द्वारा प्रबंधित कुल राशि।

Example: A fund with ₹20,000 crore AUM manages that much investor money.

CAGR

Returns

Compound Annual Growth Rate — the steady yearly growth that turns the start value into the end value.

वह औसत वार्षिक वृद्धि दर जिससे शुरुआती राशि अंतिम राशि बनती है।

Example: ₹1 lakh becoming ₹2 lakh in 5 years is about 14.9% CAGR.

XIRR

Returns

Annualised return when you invest on different dates (like SIPs and withdrawals).

अलग-अलग तारीखों पर निवेश (जैसे SIP) का वार्षिक रिटर्न।

Example: Used to measure the real yearly return of your SIP.

Expense Ratio

Basics

Yearly fee charged by the fund, as a % of your investment, already reflected in NAV.

फंड का वार्षिक शुल्क (% में), जो NAV में शामिल होता है।

Example: 1.5% on ₹1 lakh is about ₹1,500 a year.

Exit Load

Transactions

A charge if you redeem before a set period.

तय अवधि से पहले निकासी पर लगने वाला शुल्क।

Example: 1% if redeemed within 1 year: ₹1,000 on a ₹1 lakh redemption.

Benchmark

Returns

The index a fund's performance is compared with.

वह इंडेक्स जिससे फंड के प्रदर्शन की तुलना होती है।

Example: A large cap fund is compared with the Nifty 100.

Riskometer

Risk

SEBI's six-level risk label, from Low to Very High.

SEBI का जोखिम संकेतक — कम से बहुत अधिक तक।

Example: Small cap funds are usually 'Very High' risk.

Alpha

Risk

Extra return a fund earned over its benchmark.

बेंचमार्क से अधिक कमाया गया रिटर्न।

Example: Fund 14%, benchmark 12% → alpha about 2%.

Beta

Risk

How much a fund moves compared with the market (1 = same as market).

बाज़ार की तुलना में फंड का उतार-चढ़ाव (1 = बाज़ार जितना)।

Example: Beta 1.2 → if the market falls 10%, the fund may fall about 12%.

Standard Deviation

Risk

How widely returns swing around the average; higher means more volatile.

रिटर्न औसत से कितना ऊपर-नीचे होता है; अधिक = ज़्यादा उतार-चढ़ाव।

Example: SD 20% swings more than SD 10%.

Sharpe Ratio

Risk

Return earned per unit of risk taken; higher is better.

लिए गए जोखिम पर मिला रिटर्न; अधिक बेहतर।

Example: Sharpe 1.2 beats 0.8 for similar funds.

Asset Allocation

Basics

How your money is divided across equity, debt, gold and others.

पैसे का इक्विटी, डेट, गोल्ड आदि में बँटवारा।

Example: 60% equity, 30% debt, 10% gold.

Diversification

Risk

Spreading money across many investments to reduce risk.

जोखिम घटाने के लिए कई निवेशों में पैसा लगाना।

Example: A fund holding 60 stocks is less hurt if one falls.

Market Capitalisation

Fund Types

Company size by share value — large, mid and small cap.

शेयर मूल्य के आधार पर कंपनी का आकार — लार्ज, मिड, स्मॉल कैप।

Example: Top 100 companies are large cap.

Equity Fund

Fund Types

Invests mainly in company shares; for long-term growth with higher risk.

मुख्यतः शेयरों में निवेश; लंबी अवधि, अधिक जोखिम।

Example: Flexi cap or large cap funds.

Debt Fund

Fund Types

Invests in bonds and money-market papers; steadier, lower risk.

बॉन्ड व मनी-मार्केट में निवेश; अपेक्षाकृत स्थिर।

Example: Liquid or short duration funds.

Hybrid Fund

Fund Types

Mixes equity and debt (sometimes gold) in one fund.

एक ही फंड में इक्विटी और डेट का मिश्रण।

Example: Balanced advantage funds shift between equity and debt.

Index Fund

Fund Types

Copies an index like the Nifty 50 at low cost.

कम लागत में किसी इंडेक्स (जैसे निफ्टी 50) की नकल।

Example: A Nifty 50 index fund holds the same 50 stocks.

ELSS

Fund Types

Equity tax-saving fund with a 3-year lock-in (old tax regime Sec 80C).

3 साल लॉक-इन वाला टैक्स-बचत इक्विटी फंड।

Example: ₹1.5 lakh in ELSS can be claimed under 80C (old regime).

SWP

Transactions

Systematic Withdrawal Plan — withdrawing a fixed amount regularly.

नियमित रूप से निश्चित राशि की निकासी।

Example: ₹20,000 every month from a ₹30 lakh corpus.

STP

Transactions

Systematic Transfer Plan — moving a fixed amount regularly from one fund to another.

एक फंड से दूसरे फंड में नियमित राशि का स्थानांतरण।

Example: ₹10,000 a week from a liquid fund to an equity fund.

IDCW

Transactions

Income Distribution cum Capital Withdrawal — payouts from the fund, earlier called dividend.

फंड से भुगतान (पहले डिविडेंड कहा जाता था)।

Example: IDCW lowers NAV by the amount paid out.

Direct vs Regular Plan

Basics

Same fund. Regular plan includes distributor service and a slightly higher expense ratio; direct has none.

एक ही फंड; रेगुलर प्लान में सलाहकार सेवा व थोड़ा अधिक खर्च।

Example: We offer regular plans with personal guidance.

Mutual Fund investments are subject to market risks, read all scheme related documents carefully.

  • Past performance may or may not be sustained in future and is not a guarantee of future returns. Returns shown are calculated from AMFI/RTA published NAVs of Regular plans (growth option); returns above 1 year are annualised.
  • K C Investment is an AMFI-registered Mutual Fund Distributor (ARN-117554). All information, fund lists, returns and calculators on this website are for general awareness and education only. Fund lists are based on past returns and are not an offer or solicitation to buy any scheme. Please read the scheme documents and decide as per your own goals and risk profile.
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  • Calculator results are illustrations based on the return you assume; they are not assured returns. Check the scheme riskometer, SID/KIM and your risk profile before investing.
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